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A round up of the top countryside, conservation, wildlife and forestry stories as chosen by the CJS Team.
As Monday was the Glorious (or inglorious
depending on your viewpoint) Twelfth the news for Monday was dominated
by grouse shooting and moorland management
Labour demands review into driven grouse shooting
- The Labour Party Labour’s Shadow Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Secretary, Sue
Hayman MP, will today call for a review into ‘driven’ grouse shooting –
which the next Labour government will launch, if the Conservatives
refuse. Today (12 August), is known as the Glorious Twelfth – or the
Inglorious Twelfth to animal rights and environmental campaigners – and
marks the beginning of the four-month grouse shooting season. The proposed review would consider viable alternatives to driven
grouse shooting, including simulated shooting and wildlife tourism. It
would also examine the economic and environmental impacts of driven
grouse shooting, which is the most common mode of hunting grouse. Labour is calling for the review in light of extensive evidence that
driven grouse shooting causes substantial environmental damage Red Grouse (image: Brian Taylor / unsplash)
Responses: Countryside Alliance respond to Labour’s call for review into driven grouse shooting It is quite extraordinary that in the present political turmoil and
with all the serious environmental issues facing the world the Labour
Party has chosen to launch a thinly veiled political attack on grouse
shooting. It is clear that the shadow Secretary of State would benefit
greatly from speaking to people on the ground who are actually involved
in grouse moor management and we would be happy to arrange this. Adrian Blackmore, the CA’s Director of shooting says: "Those with any
knowledge of grouse shooting and its associated management will know
that some of the claims being made by labour are complete nonsense, and
if an independent review into grouse shooting would help increase
Labour’s understanding of its considerable environmental, economic and
social benefits, then it should be welcomed. Anyone who claims that
there are viable alternatives to grouse shooting must have first
undertaken a thorough assessment of the environmental, social, and
economic consequences that would arise as a result. These are the three
dimensions to the core of mainstream sustainability that have been
identified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, and
anyone wanting to see a change to the status quo has a responsibility to
ensure that any alternative land use is at least as beneficial."
BASC statement on Labour’s demand for grouse shooting review
Response to Labour calls for grouse shooting review
- defra in the media blog There is national media coverage this morning of calls from the
Labour Party for the government to launch a review of driven grouse
shooting. While we recognise many people have strongly held views on grouse
shooting, we are also clear that shooting activities bring many benefits
to the rural economy and the environment, in particular for wildlife and
habitat conservation. Other related news
Rural organisations have appealed to politicians to recognise the value
of grouse shooting ahead of one of the most important seasons in
generations. The British Association for Shooting and Conservation (BASC), the
Scottish Gamekeepers Association (SGA), Scottish Land & Estates (SLE)
and the Scottish Association for Country Sports (SACS) have together
issued a joint statement asking for the social, economic and
environmental contribution of moorland management to be appreciated. The organisations’ statement begins: "The start of the grouse
shooting season marks the culmination of a year-round effort in
Scotland’s most remote hills and glens to manage land for a wide range
of social, economic and environmental benefits. This season, more than
any other, has been accompanied by frenetic activity from anti-grouse
moor campaigners seeking to tarnish the vital role grouse moors play in
supporting our rural communities. We appeal to politicians from all
parties to recognise the contribution that grouse moors make at a time
when the Scottish Government’s review of moorland management should soon
be published. The last 20 years has seen a significant culture change in
grouse moor management, and our organisations remain determined to stamp
out the remaining incidents of raptor persecution which have already
fallen to their lowest recorded levels according to official statistics.
This is a hugely important season but also one that we enter with
significant optimism for the future. Repeated claims are made about
alternative land uses to grouse shooting but these have already been
examined in a government-commissioned scientific report published in the
last year. It concluded that the land capability for agriculture is low,
as is the forestry capability. It takes into account a range of factors
such as Sites of Special Scientific Interest, Special Protection Areas
and carbon storage in peatland – all elements ignored by anti-grouse
moor campaigners."
Click through to read the full statement
Record-breaking year for hen harrier breeding
- Natural England It has been a record breeding season for hen harriers in England
according to figures from Natural England.
Hen harriers have enjoyed a record year for breeding success in
England, Natural England has announced today (11 August). 2019 has been a highly successful year for the iconic bird of prey in
England, with a total of 15 nests producing 15 successful breeding pairs
and 47 chicks – improving on the previous highpoint of 46 set in 2006. The positive result means the last two years have produced 81 fledged
chicks, surpassing the total for the previous five years put together
(55). The chicks have also hatched in a wider variety of areas this
year, including in Northumberland, Yorkshire Dales, Nidderdale,
Derbyshire and Lancashire - leading to hopes that a corner has been
turned in the restoration of the hen harrier population. Tony Juniper, Chairman of Natural England, said: " I’d like to thank
all of the organisations, staff and volunteers who’ve helped to make
this a better breeding season for one of England’s most iconic birds.
While it is very welcome to see this improvement, we must remember that
the hen harrier is still very far from where it should be as a breeding
species in England, not least due to illegal persecution. I will be
working with Natural England colleagues to pursue all options for the
recovery of this wonderful bird, a creature that inspires and brings joy
to so many people. It would be a tragic loss for our country, children
and grandchildren if this majestic bird was to remain so scarce, or even
disappear, in the future. Once again a wide range of organisations have
come together to work in partnership to make sure that the hen harrier
chicks are well looked after and protected for the future. This
collective effort has helped improve the communication and liaison
between land managers."
Managing ash trees affected by ash dieback: operations note 46a
- Forestry Commission guidance Supplementary guidance for land managers who are responsible for
individual and small groups of ash trees that are likely to be infected
by ash dieback. Download the
Managing ash trees affected by ash dieback: operations note 46a
(PDF)
Badger rescued by RSPCA after getting trapped … at military live firing
range!
A
badger has been rescued by the RSPCA after getting himself trapped in
the precarious surroundings of a military live firing range in Caldicot!
RSPCA Cymru was alerted after the badger fell some five-foot down a
concrete pit at the Rogiet Moor Range, on Tuesday (7 August). The pits
are usually used for military personnel to fire from. The alarm was
sounded by the warden for the military firing range, who has been
thanked by the RSPCA. An officer from the animal welfare charity attended, and was able to
reach the badger with a grasper, before releasing him to the wild at a
nearby safe location. Fortunately the badger has no injuries
or welfare problems, and RSPCA Cymru say they are “delighted” with the
“happy ending”.
Rising traffic driving children off local streets
– Living Streets New research commissioned by UK walking charity, Living Streets has
revealed that 60 per cent of children aged 4-11 never play out on their
local street according to their parents – up from 50 per cent a decade
ago. The YouGov poll asked parents with children aged 4-11 whether their
local street was a safe and welcoming place that their child could
enjoy, over a third (36%) disagreed. People were asked what the most noticeable changes to their local
streets have been since they were a child, the vast majority said higher
traffic volume (74%). It comes after Department for Transport figures revealed an increase
in child pedestrian fatalities last year, from 38 per cent to 58 per
cent. Jenni Wiggle, Senior Director, Living Streets said: “We want families
to feel happy to let their children play out on their local streets so
they can enjoy being active and making friends, but that won’t happen
without change. The research also revealed that over a third of people (34%) know no
more than two of their neighbours, of which nine per cent know none of
them. Less contact with neighbours (61%), fewer local shops (57%) and a
rise in anti-social behaviour (56%) were other noticeable changes people
reported about their local streets since they were a child. The research was carried out by Living Streets, formerly the
Pedestrians Association, to mark their 90th anniversary. The charity’s
ambitions as it heads towards its centenary include a lower default
speed limit of 20mph for roads in built up areas; a revision of the
Highway Code to improve safety for people walking and cycling; and a
network of walking routes in every town and city.
New technique can show links between prey and microplastics
– University of Exeter A brand new method has been developed by scientists at Plymouth
Marine Laboratory (PML) and the University of Exeter, in collaboration
with Abertay University and Greenpeace Research Laboratories, to
investigate links between top predator diets and the amount of
microplastic they consume through their prey, offering potential
insights into the exposure of animals in the ocean and on land to
microplastics. With an estimated 9.6-25.4 million tonnes of plastic estimated to
enter the sea annually by 2025, and microplastics in particular being
found on the highest mountains and deepest seas, new techniques are
needed to trace, investigate and analyse this growing concern. The development of this new non-invasive method was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). It combines two existing techniques to analyse wild grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) scats (faeces), for prey species in the seals’ diet and the presence of microplastics. The first part of the method uses metabarcoding, a molecular
technique that assesses the DNA present in the scat to identify which
prey species have been eaten by the seal. The second part then isolates
the microplastics, allowing researchers to assess the quantity of the
microplastics and record characteristics, such as shape and colour,
which generates a better understanding of their sources. By looking at both of these factors together, the method allows scientists to see whether there are links between the levels of microplastic exposure in these top predator species and whether this is related to the type of prey they are eating. This is particularly useful because top predators, such as seals, tend to consume microplastics through trophic transfer; that is, by eating prey that have already consumed microplastics themselves, which passes to the predator.
DNA tests of UK waters could help catch invasive species early
– University of Southampton A team of scientists from the University of Southampton, Bangor
University and the National Oceanography Centre have discovered several
artificially introduced species in the coastal waters of southern
England, using a technique that could help the early detection of
non-native species if adopted more widely. Among the species identified during the study was Cephalothrix
simula, a worm, originating from the North West Pacific Ocean, which
contains neurotoxins that are potentially fatal if they enter the human
body. The researchers, led by Luke Holman, a PhD student at the University
of Southampton, collected water and sediment from four marinas around
the UK and analysed the DNA of each sample to determine which species
had been present in the ecosystems. Organisms leave traces of their DNA in water systems through a
variety of means, for example fish can lose scales and many species can
release sperm or eggs during the spawning season. The team were able to
extract this genetic material, known as environmental DNA (eDNA), and
compare it to global DNA databases to identify the presence of species. Luke Holman said “We are enormously excited about the potential for
eDNA in the detection of invasive species. This initial work gives us
confidence that the technique could be invaluable both for catching
invasions early on and also for monitoring the success of eradication
efforts.”
‘Flagship grouse moor research’ driving policy change challenged
– The Moorland Association The Moorland Association today called for the government to ‘hit the
pause button’ on making decisions over the impact of heather burning on
grouse moorland following the publication of a new scientific report,
which has found previous research to be ‘flawed’ and ‘unreliable.’ Scientists from Lancaster and York Universities have published a
critical analysis of a key five-year study which claimed that upland
moor burning has ‘clear negative effects on aquatic invertebrates, river
water quality, peat hydrology, peat chemistry, peat structure and peat
surface temperatures’. The study, called the EMBER project which had been undertaken by
Leeds University and was published in 2014, was widely regarded as the
most definitive research produced about burning impacts on blanket bog
ecosystems. However, a new report casts major doubts on the EMBER Project, its findings and conclusions. A peer-reviewed critique by scientists Dr Mark Ashby, of the Lancaster Environment Centre at Lancaster University and Dr Andreas Heinemeyer, of the Stockholm Environment Institute at the University of York, identified and discussed ‘significant overlooked flaws’ in the project design. They suggested that the findings of the project were currently
unreliable and conclusions should be treated with caution by
policy-makers who ‘need to re-examine the strengths and limitations of
the prescribed burning evidence base’. Because the EMBER study design
and statistical analysis confounded management with site, the results
‘cannot solely be attributed to burning management’. Amanda Anderson, Director of the Moorland Association, said: “This is
a very interesting analysis with potentially far reaching consequences.
We strongly urge Defra to take account of these latest findings and to
hit the pause button on upcoming legislation. If such large flaws were
overlooked in this high-profile study, then it is likely that the wider
evidence base contains similar flaws.”
Scientists poke a hole in the age of trees –
Brunel University London Some of Britain’s most majestic ancient trees are probably not as
ancient as we previously thought, one of the country’s leading
tree-ageing experts has suggested. (image: Brunel University London) Until now, the ages of some of Britain’s best-loved trees, including
yews, sweet chestnuts and oaks, have largely been estimated from
measuring the girth of their trunks – measurements which often result in
a tree being declared hundreds or sometimes thousands of years old. But a series of new studies using alternative techniques – such as
taking a core from the tree and measuring the rings – have demonstrated
that using such girth measurements can drastically overestimate the age
of a tree, suggesting that many of Britain’s oldest trees are likely
much younger than previously reported. “There’s an awful lot of myths when it comes to trees – it goes back
to the Celtic and Viking times and even before that – a lot of
mythology,” said Dr Andy Moir, a research fellow at Brunel University
London who specialises in ageing trees from their rings. “The older they
are the more mystique they have. The situation with most ancient trees
is that we measure its girth and then use that to calculate the age.
There are different formulas you can use, but it’s usually ‘White’s
formula.’ But it can be incredibly inaccurate, as White admits himself –
it depends on the situation, it depends on the species, on whether it’s
getting a lot of light, on the geology. The size of trees planted at the
same time around the same location can vary enormously, which shows that
the formula for calculating the age of trees is often really inaccurate
– what I’m trying to do now is make tree ageing a bit more accurate.”
Improved sewage treatment has increased biodiversity over past 30 years
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology A higher standard of wastewater treatment in the UK has been linked
to substantial improvements in a river’s biodiversity over the past 30
years, ensuring a welcome success story for wildlife, say scientists.
The
River Ray is downstream from Swindon's large wastewater treatment plant
(image: CEH)
The Defra-funded study found that, since 1991, there has been a
steady increase in both the diversity and abundance of freshwater
invertebrates, which play a vital and varied role in an ecosystem’s food
chain. The water is cleaner due to a reduction in ammonia (a chemical
present in human sewage that is potentially toxic to animals) plus an
increase in oxygen levels (as a result of less organic matter being
discharged into the river). The findings, published in the journal Environmental Toxicology
and Chemistry, echo other research which indicates there has been an
increase in the biodiversity of many rivers across the UK. This latest
analysis, which carefully examines four decades of chemistry and
invertebrates data, offers an explanation why this has happened. Read the Paper: Andrew C. Johnson,
Monika D. Jürgens, François K. Edwards, Peter M. Scarlett, Helen M.
Vincent, Peter von der Ohe. 2019.
What Works? The Influence Of Changing Wastewater Treatment Type,
Including Tertiary Granular Activated Charcoal On Downstream
Macroinvertebrate Biodiversity Over Time. Environmental Toxicology
and Chemistry. DOI: 10.1002/etc.4460
Turtle power – Zoological Society of London Endangered armour-plated turtles find new home at ZSL London Zoo
Keepers
at ZSL London Zoo have given a home to four rescued turtles with heads
so large they can’t pull them into their shells.
The four aptly named big-headed turtles arrived at the Zoo at the end
of 2018, after being rescued from smugglers trying to illegally import
them into Canada labelled as toys, and have been settling in behind the
scenes ever since – in the care of the Zoo’s expert herpetology team. Now, one of the surprisingly charismatic turtles - named Lady
Triệu by keepers after a famous Vietnamese warrioress - has moved into a
new exhibit in the Zoo’s Reptile House, giving visitors the chance to
come face-to-face with the unusual reptile – the only one of her kind in
a UK zoo. ZSL senior reptile keeper Daniel Kane said: “When we heard that these
incredible turtles were in need of a new home we began making plans to
welcome them to the Reptile House; we felt they had a lot to teach our
visitors about the dangers facing reptiles and amphibians in the wild
and knew we had the expertise to give them the specialised care they
need.” Using information gathered from their extensive work with reptiles
and amphibians in Vietnam to recreate the turtle’s new home, ZSL London
Zoo’s keepers made sure their new home has rocky areas to explore and
aquatic foliage to shelter in. “Lady Triệu has taken to her new home like a turtle to water, and we
have been watching her closely as she’s busied herself exploring every
inch of the aquatic abode,” explained Dan. “These turtles’ heads are so
large that unlike others they can’t retract them into their shells; to
compensate, nature has given them armour plating from head to tail and a
very sharp beak to fend off predators - plus a feisty attitude to go
with it! Big-headed turtles may not be conventionally cute with their
disproportionately large heads and whip-like tails, but they represent a
vitally important and unique branch of the evolutionary tree and have so
much to teach us about animal adaptions. There is literally no other
species like them on earth.” Hailing from the upper mountainous regions of Central China to
mainland Southeast Asia, big-headed turtles are threatened by hunting
for their meat and the international pet trade and are classified as
Endangered on the IUCN’s Red List of threatened species.
Nominate your National Park heroes - Peak
District National Park UK National Parks are calling for nominations to the Volunteer Awards
2019. The annual awards celebrate the hard work and commitment of people
who regularly dedicate thousands of hours of service and effort to help
protect Britain’s 15 national parks. Every year in the Peak District alone, some 400 National Park
volunteer rangers clock up around 60,000 hours to care for the landscape
and help others enjoy the area, and conservation volunteers spend around
3,000 days enhancing sites. Volunteers also take part in activities with
the Moors for the Future Partnership and assist the Peak District
National Park Authority in outreach activities, surveys and more. Dave Cramp, who organizes the conservation volunteers for the Peak
District National Park, said: “The awards recognise people’s efforts who
have gone above and beyond the usual expectations of voluntary service
in looking after the environment or our heritage in some way. I am very
proud to say our volunteers have won these awards in the past and we
know incredible work is being achieved by volunteers throughout the
National Park. It would be fantastic to see more awards this year to
celebrate what they do. I hope the public will take the opportunity to
nominate people and projects in the Peak District National Park.”
History
made as first pair of Savi’s warbler nest in Wales
- RSPB 25 years of wetland restoration on Anglesey leads to Savi’s warblers
nesting at RSPB Cors Ddyga nature reserve. This is the latest special
wildlife to establish a home here. For the first time in Wales, a pair
of Savi’s warblers have nested on the RSPB Cors Ddyga reserve on
Anglesey.
Following the discovery of a lone male Savi’s warbler spotted by
warden Ken Maurice on 14 June, a second bird was seen a month later.
Volunteers kept a close watch and saw behaviour that confirmed the birds
were breeding, including carrying food to unseen nest. Credit: Steve Culley Savi’s warblers, known for their long, buzzing trill that carries
across reedbeds, are very rare visitors, with only eight previous
sightings in Wales, including one at RSPB Cors Ddyga back in 1999. While
common in southern Europe, they are at the very limit of their range
here. Most records are of singing males that stay just for a few days,
which makes the nesting an exciting result for the staff, volunteers and
bird watchers on the reserve. This nesting follows the successful establishment of other rare
species on the reserve. Bitterns, elusive birds famous for their cryptic
plumage and booming call and Marsh Harriers have again nested on the
reserve for the fourth consecutive year. Prior to 2016, neither species
had nested in Wales for several decades.
HS2: Ancient woodlands on borrowed time
- Woodland Trust Swathes of ancient woodland are living on borrowed time as HS2 starts
to force its way through our countryside, says the Woodland Trust.
Preparatory
work for Phase 1, including the forced eviction of bats and badgers, has
already started despite Prime Minister Boris Johnson ordering a review
into spending on the environmentally destructive scheme. More than three hectares of the stunning
Broadwells Wood in Warwickshire will be lost to HS2. (Photo: Phil
Formby/WTML) Now the Trust is calling for its supporters to lobby upcoming review
chairman, Douglas Oakervee, (a former chairman of HS2), Transport
Secretary Grant Shapps and HS2 minister Paul Maynard to fully consider
the evidence around the environmental impacts of the project as well,
while halting all advance work until the review is complete. Director of Conservation and External Affairs Abi Bunker said: “There
is a danger that the review will be looking into the business case for
HS2, completely ignoring the value of our ancient woodlands and other
important wildlife habitats to the fabric and wellbeing of this country.
Ancient woodland is one of our most precious natural habitats. It cannot
be moved. It cannot be replaced and we may well lose many of our
greatest national assets and habitats – assets that can never be
replaced – to a scheme that might not even happen. The fact we are
losing ancient woodland at all is terrible. To lose it needlessly would
be a travesty. This destruction cannot be allowed to go ahead. Time is
of the essence. We need people to act fast and apply pressure to the
Government to make them realise that HS2 will cost far more than money,
and that destroying our precious woodlands is a one-time mistake that
will be looked back on in shock by future generations. Our ancient
woodlands and the unique species they support are on borrowed time. We
need Government to listen before it’s too late to save them from
careless destruction.”
English water companies commit to planting 11 million new trees by 2030
- Yorkshire Water
Water
companies in England have today announced ambitious plans to plant 11
million trees, part of a wider commitment to improve the natural
environment, to support their goal of achieving a carbon neutral water
industry by 2030. (image: Yorkshire Water) The joint proposals will see trees planted on around 6,000 hectares
of land across England together with work to restore original woodland
and improve natural habitats that themselves provide carbon capture.
While some of this land is owned by the water companies themselves,
additional land will be provided by partners such as local authorities,
The National Trust, The Wildlife Trusts and The RSPB. Local partnerships with councils and regional NGOs will ensure that
projects include urban tree planting, to bring much needed health and
wellbeing benefits to communities in towns and cities. In addition, The
Woodland Trust has agreed to work with all the water companies to help
identify sites and manage the planting programme once it is developed. Many water companies already work with charities on habitat
improvement and regional planting programmes. This initiative will see
those local partnerships taken to a national level to ensure that the
industry achieves its ambitious plan. Water companies will also look to
join forces with existing initiatives such as the National Forest and
Northern Forest.
Lyme disease in England and Wales more common in older white women,
study finds - University of Liverpool Patients with Lyme disease in England and Wales hospitals appear to
be predominantly white, female and living in areas of low deprivation,
according to a new study by the University of Liverpool and Public
Health England. The study, which examined data on 2,361 hospital patients collected
between 1998 and 2015, also found an increase in Lyme disease incidence
over time, with the number of new cases peaking in August each year and
higher rates in central southern and western England. The findings,
published today in BMC Public Health, may inform and help target health
promotion messages. Lead author Dr John Tulloch, who is based at the NIHR Health
Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, said: “In
the United Kingdom information relating to infected Lyme disease
patients’ characteristics, where they live and how they are managed
within the National Health Service is not fully understood. Through our
analysis of NHS hospital data we were able to identify demographic
information about Lyme disease patients accessing hospitals for
management and treatment and, for the first time, start to describe how
they progress through the healthcare system.” The authors identified 2,259 Lyme disease patients within anonymised
health records in England and 102 patients within records in Wales,
respectively. Out of all identified cases, 60.1% were women or girls,
with peaks of new cases at the ages between six and ten, and 61 and 65
years. Out of the 1,877 patients for whom ethnicity information was
recorded 96% self-identified as white. Dr Tulloch added: “Being aware of the signs and symptoms of Lyme
disease is important so that patients can receive early diagnosis and
treatment from their family doctor. Symptoms typically develop up to
three weeks after being bitten by a tick and include a spreading
circular red rash or flu-like symptoms.”
Glasgow biodiversity projects share £367k Nature fund cash
– Scottish Natural Heritage
Three
nature projects will share £367,000 to create better homes for wildlife
around Glasgow. The projects are among the recipients of Scottish
Natural Heritage’s (SNH’s) Biodiversity Challenge Fund.
Scottish Canals will use £130k to create an important habitat for
fish, birds and amphibians in North Glasgow; the Seven Lochs Partnership
will develop green corridors for wildlife and attractive, species-rich
places for people with an £80k award; and Buglife’s Central Scotland
B-Lines project will use its £157k to create a coast-to-coast network
for nature. The Seven Lochs project will make a large urban habitat network
across 21 sites and an area of about 2000 hectares, including new
wetlands and grasslands and extending Local Nature Reserves. A small
team of volunteers will be formed – the Species Rich Networks Team
(SpRiNT) – and provided with training to carry out specialist habitat
creation and management. The project will involve a range of
organisations including Glasgow City Council, North Lanarkshire Council,
Scottish Wildlife Trust, The Conservation Volunteers and the Northern
Corridor Conservation Volunteers. Scottish Canals will create floating wetland habitats on the canal at
Pinkston Basin. The project will complement current work at the nearby
Claypits Nature Reserve, installing more than 3,600 native aquatic
plants on floating platforms to attract a variety of pollinating
insects, amphibians, birds and fish. Wetlands are a high priority
habitat in Scotland and the project will create a wetland refuge in the
heart of the city, located between the significant regeneration
currently taking place at Sighthill and Dundashill as part of the North
Glasgow Integrated Water Management System.
Scientific Publications Terrer, C. et al
Nitrogen and
phosphorus constrain the CO2 fertilization of global plant biomass.
Nature Climate Change. DOI:10.1038/s41558-019-0545-2
Pugh et al (2019)
Important
role of forest disturbances in the global biomass turnover and carbon
sinks. Nature Geoscience. DOI:10.1038/s41561-019-0427-2
Holland, A. M., Schauber, E. M., Nielsen, C. K. and Hellgren, E. C.
(2019),
River otter and mink occupancy dynamics in riparian systems. Jour.
Wild. Mgmt.. doi:10.1002/jwmg.21745 (open Access) Martín, B., Torralvo, C.A., Elias, G. et al.
Are Western European ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) shortening
their migration distances? Evidence from trends of the wintering
population in the Iberian Peninsula
Hettyey, A. , Üveges, B. , Móricz, Á. M., Drahos, L. , Capon, R. J.,
Van Buskirk, J. , Tóth, Z. and Bókony, V. (2019),
Predator induced changes in the chemical defence of a vertebrate. J
Anim Ecol. Accepted Author Manuscript. doi:10.1111/1365-2656.13083 Paul M. Evans, Adrian C. Newton, Elena Cantarello, Neil Sanderson,
Davey L. Jones, Nadia Barsoum, Joan E. Cottrell, Stuart W. A'Hara,
Lauren Fuller,
Testing the relative sensitivity of 102 ecological variables as
indicators of woodland condition in the New Forest, UK Ecological
Indicators, doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105575.
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