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A round up of the top countryside, conservation, wildlife and forestry stories as chosen by the CJS Team.

 

The tragedy of the seagrass commons - Swansea University

Urgent action is required to stem the loss of the world's seagrass meadows to protect their associated fisheries.

Writing in the Journal Fish & Fisheries, Dr Richard Unsworth of Swansea University (together with colleagues at Cardiff University and Stockholm University) examine the global extent to which these meadows of underwater plants support fishing activity.

“Wherever seagrass exists in proximity to people, our research finds that it’s used as a key targeted fishing habitat” said Dr Unsworth, who is based at Swansea University’s Biosciences department. Our research is for the first time recording how globally extensive the use of seagrass meadows as a fishery habitat is. In developing countries this activity tends to have a major significance for daily food supply and general livelihoods. In developed countries the role of this activity is more for recreation or species specific targeted fisheries (e.g. clams).”Dr Nordlund from Stockholm University added “The ecological value of seagrass meadows is irrefutable, yet there loss continues at an accelerating rate. Now there is growing evidence globally that many fisheries associated to seagrass are unrecorded, unreported and unmanaged, leading to a tragedy of the seagrass commons”.

In their article, the researchers highlight that because of their nearshore, shallow water distribution in sheltered environments seagrass meadows make great places to fish in all conditions. This leads to high intensity of fishing effort often all year round.

Read the paper (open access):  Nordlund LM, Unsworth RKF, Gullström M, Cullen-Unsworth LC. Global significance of seagrass fishery activity. Fish Fish. 2017;00:1–14. Doi:10.1111/faf.12259

 

Taste of Game “Game Changer” project takes off - British Association for Shooting and Conservation

Students from Brookfield School in Southampton have been among the first to take part in the “Game Changer” initiative which aims to teach 60,000 students how to cook game by 2020.  The pupils were shown how to pluck and prepare a pheasant, as well as how to cook it, before enjoying pheasant tacos and fajitas.

Michelle Nudds, regional officer for BASC South East, was on hand to demonstrate the plucking of the birds, which were sourced locally and supplied by Blackmoor Game, Hampshire.  BASC’s Taste of Game and The Food Teachers Centre launched the initiative in June and it has already engaged with more than 200 schools.

Annette Woolcock from Taste of Game said: “The response we have had to the project so far has been incredible, both from the schools and the game dealers and shoots who have donated the pheasants.  We have also received some excellent feedback from pupils and teachers who have found the demonstrations and the tasting sessions informative and enjoyable.”

 

Does the early bird catch the caterpillar? - British Trust for Ornithology

The time that birds decide to breed has a strong impact upon the likely success of raising their young to independence. Pairs of birds will generally time egg laying to maximise the availability of food for their chicks. However, one of the strongest impacts of climate change so far has been to alter the timing of spring. In response to milder temperatures, flowers and insects are all appearing earlier than they used to. Whilst many songbirds are also nesting earlier in warmer springs, conservationists have become concerned that they are nevertheless struggling to match their timing of breeding to their main insect prey, which could be driving population declines. 

Willow Warbler by Chris KnightsWillow Warbler by Chris Knights

To test this, the BTO, in collaboration with The Woodland Trust, Rothamsted Research, Butterfly Conservation and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), have collated some of the most comprehensive long-term data on the timing of spring from across the UK. They have related changes in the timing of leaf and flower emergence as well as aphid, butterfly and moth emergence, to changes in the timing of egg-laying, tracked by the BTO/JNCC Nest Record Scheme.  As expected, in warmer springs, birds do tend to breed later than normal relative to the timing of spring, and the most sensitive species to changes in timing, such as Willow Warbler and Linnet are suffering the greatest population declines. However, by using data from the BTO/JNCC ringing scheme to monitor changes in the number of fledglings produced by each species per year, the study’s authors found no evidence that these mismatched species were also suffering a long-term decline in breeding success.  This suggests that the population declines observed in many British songbirds are not directly caused by the effect of mismatch on breeding success.

Access the paper: Franks, S.E., Pearce-Higgins, J.W., Atkinson, S., Bell, J.R., Botham, M.S., Brereton, T.M., Harrington, R. & Leech, D.I. (2017) The sensitivity of breeding songbirds to changes in seasonal timing is linked to population change but cannot be directly attributed to the effects of trophic asynchrony on productivity. Global Change Biology DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13960.

 

Climate change models of bird impacts pass the test – University of Adelaide

A major study looking at changes in where UK birds have been found over the past 40 years has validated the latest climate change models being used to forecast impacts on birds and other animals.
Led by the University of Adelaide, in collaboration with an international team of researchers, the scientists compared forecasts from ecological models with observed changes to the bird populations – and found the latest models were working well.
“Models have been developed in recent years to predict how the area where a bird species lives – known as its range – will change as the climate does,” says lead author Dr Damien Fordham from the University of Adelaide’s Environment Institute.
“The results show that the enormous effort being invested into improving tools for forecasting the effect of climate change on species range movement and extinctions is working. We are now a lot more confident in what models should be used, and when, to provide a more accurate picture of biodiversity loss from climate change. While this study was on UK birds, we expect these results will also hold for many other birds and animals.”
Dr Fordham, who heads Global Ecology research at the University of Adelaide, directed a team of scientists who tested how accurately different types of ecological models predicted the contraction and expansion of the ranges of 20 UK bird species over the last 40 years.

 

300 forest bags for families in central belt – Forestry Commission Scotland

Children and families across five local authority areas in central Scotland are set to benefit from 300 Forestry Commission Scotland Forest Family Bags, which will enable families to borrow a rucksack full of advice, ideas, resources and fun activities to support and encourage safe outdoor play in the woodlands.

Glasgow, Renfrewshire, East Dunbartonshire, North Lanarkshire and Edinburgh nurseries who have completed Forestry Commission Scotland’s Forest Kindergarten training and are actively following the Forest Kindergarten programme will receive their bags by the end of March 2018.

The rucksacks include advice and information for families while visiting their local woodland area, as well as tools to support outdoor play including tarpaulin, pegs and a sitting mat. The bags also enable children to explore using their senses and imagination, through a range of fun activities, including activity sheets, a story book, finger puppet, binoculars, bug viewer and magnifying glass.

Marian Cairns, forest kindergarten officer at Forestry Commission Scotland, said: “Forestry Commission Scotland is committed to extending the responsible use of woodlands and green spaces. These forest family bags support children in enjoying their local woods alongside their parents. The contents of the bags support understanding, learning and enjoyment. This initiative builds upon our existing training for nursery staff and enhances the benefits of learning in woodlands.”

 

Refining pesticides to kill pests, not bees – Michigan State University

MSU has unlocked a key to maintain pyrethroid insecticide's effectiveness in eliminating pests without killing beneficial bugs, such as bees. Photo by Bill RavlinPyrethroid pesticides are effective. Sometimes too effective.

MSU has unlocked a key to maintain pyrethroid insecticide's effectiveness in eliminating pests without killing beneficial bugs, such as bees. Photo by Bill Ravlin

Researchers at Michigan State University’s entomology department have unlocked a key to maintain the insecticide’s effectiveness in eliminating pests without killing beneficial bugs, such as bees. The study, featured in the current issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, shows that molecular tweaks can make the difference.

Pyrethroids target the voltage-gated sodium channel, a protein found in nerve and muscle cells used for rapid electrical signaling. Pyrethroids basically work by binding to the voltage gate of the sodium channel and prevent it from closing. The nervous system becomes over-stimulated and the insect is killed. These pesticides, however, don’t have the same effect on humans, or other mammals for that matter.

Ke Dong, MSU insect toxicologist and neurobiologist and co-author of the paper, honed in on a single protein that could afford bumble bees the same resistance as humans – tau-fluvalinate, a pyrethroid insecticide. Dong worked with Shaoying Wu, lead author from Henan Agricultural University (China), who conducted the research in Dong’s lab as a visiting scholar.

“For the first time we are showing that unique structural features in bee sodium channels interfere with the binding of tau-fluvalinate to bumble bee sodium channels,” Dong said. “This opens the possibility of designing new chemicals that target sodium channels of pests but spare bees.”

 

Autumn Budget 2017 - HM Treasury

The Chancellor of the Exchequer presented his Autumn Budget to Parliament on 22 November 2017.

 

Responses from Wildlife Trusts & National Trust

New housing must respect environmental limits and help bring back wildlife - Wildlife Trusts 

Today’s budget highlights need to adopt a new nature-led approach to housing.

In today’s budget, the Chancellor Philip Hammond announced plans for 300,000 new houses to be built every year by mid 2020s.

The Wildlife Trusts believe that today’s announcement on house building will put huge pressure on our wildlife and wild places, because it fails to acknowledge our limited environmental resources and catastrophic wildlife declines.

The Government has committed to be the first generation to leave the environment in a better state than we found it. To achieve this, a more strategic approach to land use that focuses new housing in the right places is crucial – so that vital wild places are not damaged any further. We need new housing that contributes positively to climate change mitigation and to nature’s recovery as well as being affordable. The Wildlife Trusts have demonstrated how nature can be integrated and built into housing developments – but this thinking is not yet mainstream and will not be unless there is a clear statement of intent issued by the government. We want to see homes built that are energy and water efficient and which also provide a home for birds, wildflowers and bees. Our vision is founded on decades of experience of working with planners and housing developers.  For more details and case studies, see A Vision for Housing and Nature.

The Wildlife Trusts welcome the Chancellor’s commitment to investigate a single-use plastic tax.

Joan Edwards, Director of Living Seas at The Wildlife Trusts, said: “This is welcome news which the Government will need to back up with action. Every year 12.2 million tonnes of plastic enters the marine environment and is doing real damage to our seas and wildlife. As with the plastic bag tax, an ambitious single-use plastic tax could make a major change to our polluting habits.”

 

National Trust response to 2017 Budget

The National Trust outlines its response to the  2017 Budget announcements made today.

On housing Richard Hebditch, Government Affairs Director, National Trust, said, “We support action to encourage the build out of planning permissions already granted, and the Chancellor’s welcome pledge to continue to protect the Green Belt. When it comes to finding additional land for development, the real challenge for Ministers is ensuring that the houses we need go in the right places, in a way that doesn’t spoil our valued countryside or historic areas in our town centres. How Government divides up its 300,000 home aspiration between councils could end up putting even more pressure on sensitive landscapes, such as Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty or the Green Belt, unless current approaches are redesigned.”

On plastics he said "we welcome the Chancellor’s commitment to consult on taxes for throwaway plastics. This, alongside the consultation on a deposit scheme for single use drinks containers and the successful carrier bag charge already in place, could have a really positive impact on our environment.”"

 

Seal rescued after amazingly CLIMBING 60 foot away from shore - RSPCA Cymru

A seal has been rescued by RSPCA Cymru after he amazingly climbed 60 foot up a steep cliff near Bull Bay, Amlwch in Gwynedd.

RSPCA Cymru was contacted on Monday, 20 November following concerns for the grey seal pup which had been spotted close to the cliff edge on the coastal path.

Edmund the climbing seal (image: RSPCA)Edmund the climbing seal (image: RSPCA)

RSPCA animal collection officer (ACO) Will Galvin said: “The seal had somehow climbed up 60 foot which would have been really difficult for him. It isn’t normal behaviour for them to move so far away from the water, so he must have been confused or in distress. He looked quite lost. We were gobsmacked when we saw him there."

The seal, nicknamed Edmund – after Sir Edmund Hillary who climbed Mount Everest – has been transferred to a specialist facility at RSPCA’s Stapeley Grange Wildlife Centre where he will be cared for until he is well enough to be released back into the wild.

“Edmund is very lively so he wasn’t too tired after his massive climb, but he was underweight,” said ACO Galvin.

  

Rare newts bred in the UK - Biaza

Conservationists at Chester Zoo have successfully bred one of the world’s rarest amphibians in a bid to save it from extinction – the first time the feat has ever been achieved outside the species’ native Catalonia.
Twelve Montseny newts, one of the most endangered species in Europe, have hatched at the zoo where a team of experts are helping to ensure the continued survival of the critically endangered population – ahead of a future release into the wild.  It is the first time the newt has ever been kept outside of Catalonia and the young hatched within the programme will be introduced back to the Montseny mountain range in north-eastern Catalonia to help boost numbers. 

The mountains, which are approximately 100km north of Barcelona, are the only place where wild Montseny newts live.
The zoo, renowned for its conservation work with threatened reptiles and amphibians, has been asked to join the Barcelona Provincial Council, the Catalan government’s Department of Territory and Sustainability and Barcelona Zoo in caring for the highly threatened species – becoming the first institution in the world outside of Catalonia to join the recovery plan.
Experts in Chester have created a special, purpose-built breeding facility for 12 pairs of newts, based away from all other amphibians housed at the zoo in order to ensure their bio-security. 
In parallel with the breeding programme, conservation efforts are also being made to improve the newts’ habitat in the wild in preparation for their reintroduction – including improving the water quality and ecological flow of the streams it lives in.

See a video of the news on Chester Zoo's website here.

 

European experts demand better dolphin and porpoise bycatch measures - Sea Watch Foundation

World leading scientific experts have called for European fisheries legislation to be strengthened to ensure protection for whale, dolphin, and porpoise and turtle species threatened by fishing.  

For decades, incidental catches of dolphins, seabirds, seals and turtles in fisheries have been a major cause of concern, with tens of thousands continuing to die each year in European waters.

Despite existing EU legal requirements to monitor and reduce bycatch (the incidental entanglement of marine life in fishing gear), monitoring and mitigation has been insufficient in most fisheries.

Legislative requirements are currently being revised, with the European Commission’s proposal for a Regulation on the Conservation of Fishery Resources and the Protection of Marine Ecosystems through Technical Measures (2016/0074(COD)), currently under scrutiny by the European Parliament and Council of the European Union. The reform of fisheries legislation provides a critical opportunity to improve existing EU measures.

However, proposals have been made in the European Parliament to remove the ban on driftnets in the Baltic Sea – even though recent scientific assessments found that bycatch in gillnets continues to adversely affect the critically endangered population of Baltic Sea harbour porpoises, estimated to number fewer than 500 individuals. Other amendments propose to remove all bycatch monitoring and mitigation measures in South Western Waters despite evidence of high bycatch.  The European Parliament’s Committee on Fisheries (PECH) voted on amendments on the 21st November. 

Read the full report from WDC and Sea Watch Director, Dr Peter Evans, ‘Cetacean Bycatch Monitoring and Mitigation under EC Regulation 812/2004 in the Northeast Atlantic, North Sea and Baltic Sea from 2006 to 2014′  here. (PDF)

 

Appeal for information after hen harrier disappears on North Yorkshire moorland - North Yorkshire Police

North Yorkshire Police is appealing for information following the loss of a hen harrier on Threshfield Moor.

John, a sub-adult hen harrier, fledged in Northumberland in 2016. He was fitted with a satellite tag in July 2016 by a hen harrier expert from Natural England. This was John’s second outward migration – he wintered in the same approximate area of Yorkshire in 2016/17, returned to Scotland and the Borders in spring/summer 2017, then back to Yorkshire in September 2017. His tag stopped transmitting on 1 October 2017 in the Threshfield Moor area of North Yorkshire. A search of the area has been carried out but no trace of the bird or equipment has been found.

Natural England reported John’s disappearance to North Yorkshire Police and is working closely with wildlife crime officers, local landowners, and the Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority.

The loss of another juvenile hen harrier brings the total to six within fourteen months across northern England – and is a serious blow to the small English hen harrier population. Interference with hen harriers is a criminal offence.

Sergeant Stuart Grainger, of North Yorkshire Police’s Rural Taskforce, said : “Those responsible for bird of prey persecution, either directly or indirectly, should be ashamed – these birds belong to everyone and are part of our natural heritage. It is a disgrace that these beautiful birds appear to be relentlessly destroyed. The fate of this particular hen harrier remains unsolved at this time, but we are appealing for any information to assist the investigation.”

Rob Cooke, a Director at Natural England, said: “The sudden disappearance of the hen harrier, John, is a matter of grave concern. We urge anyone with information to get in touch with North Yorkshire Police.”

 

New figures reveal £91billion value of London’s parks and green spaces - Health Lottery Fund

Clissold Park in London. (credit: Greater London Authority) London’s network of public parks and green space provide the equivalent of £91billion of economic value and social benefits boosting the, health, resilience and economy of the capital, according to a report published today.

Clissold Park in London. (credit: Greater London Authority)

The research, undertaken by economists at Vivid Economics, and commissioned by the Mayor of London, HLF and National Trust determines the monetary value of public green spaces in relation to people’s physical and mental health, recreation and amenity.  This could aid decisions about future strategy, management and levels of investment in public parks and greenspaces.

The report provides a compelling set of evidence about the functions of green space that are most important to London’s economy.  Key findings include:

London’s public green spaces have a gross asset value of £5b a year, amounting to £91b over 30 years of value, appropriately discounted.  Individuals, public services and businesses all benefit from the whole network of public green spaces across the city.

Every £1 spent on public green space equates to £27 in value for the public proving expenditure in green spaces provides exceptional value for money for Londoners.

Londoners avoid £950m a year in NHS health costs thanks to accessible public green space.  Parks create opportunities for people to exercise, socialise, relax and enjoy being part of the community.  In doing so, people improve their physical and mental health.  This total cost is made up of £580m per year by being in better physical health and £370m from better mental health.  The health benefits of London’s public parks amount to 20% of their total economic value.

Public parks help the environment – providing temperature regulation and carbon storage.  Green space in urban areas counter higher temperatures in summer months and natural and semi-natural parkland also provide global benefits as a store of carbon in soil and trees.

 

Orcadians to help shape wildlife project - Scottish Natural Heritage

A lottery-funded project set up to protect Orkney’s native wildlife from invasive non-native stoats is encouraging the community to get involved and help shape the development of future work.

The Orkney Native Wildlife Project has launched a community consultation today (23 November) to gather the thoughts and ideas of Orkney’s residents and invite people to give their views on a range of proposed opportunities for people to engage with the project, including wildlife surveys, workshops, family events, evening talks and cultural events.

Amy King, the Project Development Officer, hopes the consultation will also encourage Orcadians to find out more about the project and why Orkney’s incredible native wildlife needs protecting. During the consultation Amy and the project team will be travelling around the islands talking to local community groups and holding a range of public events.

Amy said: “We all need to work together if we are going to successfully safeguard Orkney’s fantastic native wildlife and so I am really keen to hear if people have additional ideas that we might add to the project plan. We also want to hear people’s thoughts on the activities we are developing as part of the project to give as many folk as possible the chance to get involved.”

The Orkney Native Wildlife Project is a partnership between Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) and RSPB Scotland, with funding from the Heritage Lottery Fund. The project aims to ensure that Orkney’s native wildlife is protected from the impact of invasive non-native stoats and continues to provide benefits for the islands’ residents, visitors and economy.

 

Golf course sets the wrong course - National Trust for Scotland

Coul Links (image: National Trust for Scotland)The National Trust for Scotland has challenged the proposed destruction of a key Highland coastal habitat to make way for a golf course.

Coul Links (image: National Trust for Scotland)

The Trust has weighed in by submitting a formal objection to a planning application made by Coul Links Limited to build an 18-hole golf course, clubhouse and associated buildings, in addition to an access road, on top of a protected sand dune system.

The Trust’s objection adds to many others made by people and organisations concerned at the loss of Coul Links and also questions the economic value claimed for the project.

The National Trust for Scotland’s Head of Natural Heritage Policy, Stuart Brooks said: “The Coul Links are an example of an increasingly rare coastal habitat of international significance. This beautiful and wild place should continue to be protected for the nation. While it is perfectly understandable that local people want and need jobs, we know from the Dornoch Area Community Interest Company that it is the area’s outstanding natural environment that it is the biggest draw for visitors, and this could and should be a positive foundation for sustainable economic development. The Coul Links and the dune heath sustain a wide variety of internationally important wildlife, including plants, birds and insects. They represent an increasingly rare part of Scotland’s natural heritage and it is our obligation as a nation to cherish places like this for the long-term in the face of calls for what might well be illusory short-term benefit.”

 

Tree-mendous renewable energy boost - Forestry Commission Scotland

Scotland’s national forest estate now has installed capacity of over 1 GW of renewable energy, generating enough electricity for around 500,000 homes each year.
This capacity is contributing to the Scottish Government’s target to supply 100% of Scotland’s electricity consumption from renewable sources by 2020.
The renewable energy boost has been achieved by Forest Enterprise Scotland and a number of key energy companies who have developed renewables on the national forest estate.
Fergus Ewing, Cabinet Secretary for Rural Economy and Connectivity, announced the 1 GW milestone during a recent visit to Scottish Power’s Harestanes windfarm near Dumfries said: “Our national forest estate is delivering on a number of fronts for the people of Scotland. This generation of clean renewable energy generation is playing an important contribution to our ambitious climate change programme. However, the benefits don’t stop there.  Communities across the country, often in remoter rural areas, are currently benefiting from over £2.7 million each year in community payments as a result of these renewable energy projects. This extra money is often welcome in helping communities with local initiatives.”
The majority of the 1 GW capacity is from wind farms with the remainder from small scale hydro schemes.
Forest Enterprise Scotland receives around £11 million each year from leasing the land for energy projects with the income being reinvested into various forestry programmes. 

More details of Forest Enterprise Scotland’s renewables programme here.

  

New byelaw announced to protect marine wildlife - Dorset Wildlife Trust

Dorset Wildlife Trust (DWT) welcomes a long-awaited byelaw for protecting sensitive seabed habitats and marine life.  This legislation will extend areas closed to mobile fishing (such as trawling and dredging), to cover features within Dorset's two inshore Marine Conservation Zones (MCZs), Poole Rocks and Chesil Beach and Stennis Ledges.  

European lobster hiding in the rocky reef at Poole Rocks MCZ (image: Matt-Doggett via DWT)European lobster hiding in the rocky reef at Poole Rocks MCZ (image: Matt-Doggett via DWT)

This new byelaw will now help ensure the safety of these vulnerable sites.   Research has shown that when rocky reefs and their associated marine life are damaged by heavy fishing gear it can take many years to recover.    

Emma Rance, DWT Marine Conservation officer said, "We are very pleased to hear that this byelaw has been confirmed.  It will protect Dorset's most prized and sensitive marine habitats from the most damaging fishing methods representing 31% of Dorset's inshore waters - a great step forward for conservation.  This byelaw will maintain the health, productivity and economic value of the marine environment for future generations of divers, anglers and inshore fishers." 

 

Record Numbers of Migrant Dragonflies Sighted Across Britain - British Dragonfly Society

Throughout 2017, the British Dragonfly Society has been flooded with reports from members of the public, across the county, of migrant dragonfly sightings.

The male Scarlet Darter can be identified by its bright red body, head, legs and wing veins ©Christophe BrochardThe male Scarlet Darter can be identified by its bright red body, head, legs and wing veins ©Christophe Brochard

July saw the first confirmed UK recording of a Scarlet Darter Dragonfly for 13 years, at Longham Lakes in Hampshire. This is only the 8th recording of this stunning species in Britain; Scarlet Darters are usually found across central Europe, Africa, the Middle East and Western Asia. It is one of the most generalist Dragonfly species, able to live in a variety of standing-water habitats, ranging from brackish pools to freshwater ditches. Male Scarlet Darters can be easily identified, living up to their name with their uniform vivid red colouration, while females are a more inconspicuous yellowish brown.

This year has also seen the second largest ever immigration of Red-veined Darters into the UK. This species is usually found in the wetlands of southern Europe and Africa, but during 2017 it has been recorded at over 80 sites in Britain, as far north as the Orkney Islands. In addition, there have been multiple influxes of both Vagrant Emperor and Lesser Emperor Dragonflies.

Adrian Parr, Co-ordinator of the Migrant Dragonfly Project, has been compiling the sightings recorded by the British Dragonfly Society’s troop of volunteer recorders. 

Adrian remarks that “unlike the situation with birds, whose migrations are well-known, our understanding of insect (and particularly Dragonfly) migration is still in its infancy. It is clearly, however, an important phenomenon, and one that tells us a lot about the living world. The Migrant Dragonfly Project aims to co-ordinate the recording of migrant Dragonflies, and so provide an insight into the underlying causes and mechanisms, as well as following changing trends. 

If you would like to take part in Dragonfly recording, or find out more about the Migrant Dragonfly Project, click here

 

Scientific Publications

Clermont, J., Réale, D. & Giroux, J. F. (2017) Plasticity in laying dates of Canada Geese in response to spring phenology. IBIS. DOI: 10.1111/ibi.12560

 

Rebollo, S. et al (2017) Prey preferences and recent changes in diet of a breeding population of the Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis in Southwestern Europe. Bird Study. https://doi.org/10.1080/00063657.2017.1395807

 

Franziska Komossa, Emma H. van der Zanden, Catharina J.E. Schulp, Peter H. Verburg, Mapping landscape potential for outdoor recreation using different archetypical recreation user groups in the European Union, Ecological Indicators, Volume 85, 2018, Pages 105-116, ISSN 1470-160X, doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.10.015.

 

Theresa McKenzie, Lionel Normand, Natalie Iwanycki, Gavin Miller, Paul Prior, Assessing the utility of a novel terrestrial biodiversity quality indicator with 10 years of monitoring data, Ecological Indicators, Volume 85, February 2018, Pages 422-431, ISSN 1470-160X, doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.09.049.

 

Rachel S. Danford, Michael W. Strohbach, Paige S. Warren, Robert L. Ryan, Active Greening or Rewilding the city: How does the intention behind small pockets of urban green affect use?, Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, ISSN 1618-8667, doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2017.11.014.

 

Ting Zhou, Eric Koomen, Eveline S. Leeuwen, Residents’ preferences for cultural services of the landscape along the urban–rural gradient, Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,  ISSN 1618-8667, DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2017.11.011.

 

Coker, M. E., Bond, N. R., Chee, Y. E. and Walsh, C. J., Alternatives to biodiversity offsets for mitigating the effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems. Conservation Biology. Accepted Author Manuscript. doi:10.1111/cobi.13057

  

Albert Bertolero, Joan Ll. Pretus, Daniel Oro, The importance of including survival release costs when assessing viability in reptile translocations, Biological Conservation, Volume 217, January 2018, Pages 311-320, ISSN 0006-3207, DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2017.11.023. 

 

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